=lha-1
VIntrNga2
Mult:
Benef:
-wa:=dha-. 165.1.1.
Comit:
-anyji=lha-. 12.5.4.
-nuga=lha-
(stone) to stand. 14.19.3.
-ranga=dha-
(tree) to stand. 21.6.2. (rangag)
-ambirwir=lha-
(two or more persons/objects) to stand close together.
-mangala=lha-
to take sides (in fight), to join in the fray.
-w1aman=dha-
(beehive) to stand (in a place).
-w1aranggi=lha-
(person) to stand with spearshaft through body. 13.40.2.
-yiga=lha-
(fire) to stand (i.e, to start up). 97.8.2.
-yina=dha-
(head, prow, etc.) to stand (in a place). 158.1.4/5.
-lang-garagara=lha-
(clouds) to all stand (in sky). Contains Mult. form (see above, preceding page) and cpd. Initial -laN- 'cloud' (used in songs and special narrative style). 62.7.2/3.
(Entry on page 42 of printed dictionary)
=lha-2
VTr
(like A2 or A3 except for Nonpast3 =lhi-ny ; other forms are =lhi-ny, =1ha-ngi, =lhi:-' or =lha-ni) to cut down (tree), to chop down (tree); to chop down (honey, i.e., tree containing honey). 13.21.3, 15.12.3, 16.14.3, 43.4.1, 117.1.2, 117.3.2rdp, 132.1.4, 143.1.3, 143.1.4rdp, 158.1.2rdp, 161.5.2, 166.4.3, 166.7.2.
Mult:
-w1ara=lha-. 166.7.2/4.
-lha=dha-
to chop or cut down (firewood). (-lhaj-)
-yudur=dha-
to chop (person) across the bridge of the nose. 16.14.3.
-murgudi=lha-
to cut through (dugong ribs). 111.6.4.
Possibly present also in =galabirlha-.
(Entry on page 50 of printed dictionary)
lha-
or lhaG-
Pref
mouth. (Cf. independent noun ramadhan.)
Occurs also as more-or-less frozen beginning of several other forms (see below) such as lhagula and lhagalar.
Note:
-lha- can also be a surface form of -1haN- and/or of -lhaj- (see below).
(Entry on page 50 of printed dictionary)
=lhaayi-
or =lha:yi-
VIntrI1
to lie stretched out in a line (said of long thin mass or group of objects or people). 59.1.3, 166.19.2/3. Cf. =malmalgi-, -lhagarG-, =w1aladha-, =ruduga-, etc.
-man=dha:yi-
(group) to form long line. 18.17.3.
-maran=dhaayi-
(person) to have hand stretched out. (marang)
-anbu=lhaayi-
(stick, branch) to extend out in line. (-anbul-).
(Entry on page 50 of printed dictionary)
lhababaragu
NcMana
young of a shark sp. (lhamalguru).
Cf:
aja.
Etym:
(Entry on page 50 of printed dictionary)
=lhababida-
VIntrA2
(tree, water lily, etc.) to be in bloom.
Etym:
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lhabag
NcAnaWu
feather. 48.1.6.
NCder:
feather; flower (of certain plants, primarily water lilies and sedges). Exx.: (an-)u-dhabag NcAnaWu water lily flower; ma-dhabag NcMana flower of sedges (such as madiga).
As cpd. initial: see =yu-, perhaps also =lhababida-.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lhabagiyung
NcNa
opening of didjeridu musical instrument.
(Gloss tentative). 66.1.7. Cf. lhambilbilg.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lhabara
NcAnaWu
Cf:
jimunggumunggu.
2:
As cpd. initial: see =w1aba- -wulu=wula-ga- (s.v. =w2ula-).
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lhabarj
NAdj
big, important, notable.
Rdp:
P1 form lhaba-lhabarj (human and nonhuman).
malanga-dhabarj
quite important or big. 16.7.6.
Other cpds. see anig, ij-.
Cf:
runggal (normal word for 'big', sometimes 'important').
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
=lha:bi-
VIntrI1
to refuse (request), esp. by shaking head. 47.10.1.
Ex:
nga=lha:bi-ny 'I refuse (your request)' (past punctual in perfective sense).
Cf:
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lhabiyada
NcNa
a trevally (marine fish), Carangoideschrysophrys, perhaps also some others such as Uluamandibularis.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
=lhada-
VIntrA2
(commodity, etc.), to be sufficient, to be full up.
Ex:
wuru-warga=warga-n-di nga wu=lhadi-ny 'They got a lot (of it) and it was enough'.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
=lhadbara-
VIntrNga1
(person, animal, object) to be partly exposed or visible (e.g., person under or behind blanket but partly visible). 104.3.5 (crocodile).
Probably also found in =lilhadbara-.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lha:du
NcWara
large mud-whelk shell, Terebraliapalustris, commonly found in mangrove jungle and often eaten. 13.7.3.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
-lhag-
Nc/Pref
NCder:
end, tip (of object). Cf. -dhig-, -(wl)andhula-.
(Entry on page 51 of printed dictionary)
lhagabilayu
NcAnaWu
spotted shark sp. or spp., principally the epaulette shark. 64.3.1.
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
=lhaga-bu-
VintrMa1
to mix alternate layers of meat and fat (especially of dugong). 112.7.4. Cf. -guny-.
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
lhagabunulg
1
NcAnaWu
dust; ashes.
2
NAdj
dusty, dirty; muddy (water) ar-lhagabunulg NAdj dirty (water). 2.5.7pred. (Emend prefix complex wa:-'r= to wa:-'r= in this ex.).
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
=lhaga:ga-
VTrN
to guide along, to lead (someone). 157.5.4.
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
-lhagalg-
Nc/Pref
saltwater, sea; (saltwater) surf.
As cpd. initial: see =ngarangaralha-.
NCder:
Attested in form ma-dhagalg NcMana surf splashing
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
=lhagala-
VTrA2
to spit (something) out. Cf. =yuda-, =lhamugula-.
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
lhagalg
NAdj
in tiny bits, powderlike. Cf. munyur.
Fact:
=lhagal-ga- to break (something) up into bits.
NCder:
small bits or pieces (e.g., seeds of ayag).
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
lhaga:mbalag
NcAnaØ
adult male antelopine kangaroo (arjambal).
Syn:
gandargij (both synonyms much less common than arjambal).
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
lhaganar
NcAnaWu
open forest (scrubby, not tall eucalypt forest), scrubland.
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
=lhaganma-
1
VTrA1
to chew.
-gara=lhaganma-
to use the same hole, to share a hole. 13.4.4 (ants).
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
=lhagarara-
VIntrNga1
to make loud, harsh, disturbing noises; to be noisy, to make a racket (said of animals, people, etc.). 33.2.6.
Recip:
=lhagarari-nyji- (group) to make loud noises together.
Cf:
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
-lhagara-
Pref
all. (Mult. prefix used with the verbs =ngawi-'- die' and =yi- 'to sleep').
(Entry on page 52 of printed dictionary)
=lhagarda-
VTrA2
to waste (food, etc.), to not use (something).
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
-lhagarG-
Pref
line(s), row(s).
Occurs as cpd. initial: see =malmalgi-, w1aladha-.
Cf:
also =lhagardha-.
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
=lhagarga-
1
VTrA1
to chew.
This stem is sometimes confused or interchanged with =lhaganma-.
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
lhagayag
NcMana
Perhaps related to w1ayag.
Not used as cpd. initial, but cf. -lhagalg-.
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
lha:gi
NcAnaWu
words, language. (uncommon).
Cf:
lha:wu (much more common).
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
=lhagugulhanunygi-
Related to -w1ugulhanuny, probably analysable etymologically as *-lhag- (see -lha-) 'mouth' plus *-w1ugulhanuny-gi-'-
(Ref1:
of Fact.).
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
lhagula
NcAnaWu
lip(s).
As cpd. initial: see =ara-. Cf. =andhagulalarwala-.
Etym:
*IhaG- (see -lha-) 'mouth' plus *-gula(g) 'skin' (cf. magulag 'skin').
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
lhagurara(g)
NcNgara
emu. (fairly uncommon)
Variant:
dhagulara(g).
Syn:
wa:yin (the common term), etc.
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
-lhaj-
Nc/Pref
firewood, chopped wood.
lha-dhamungur(g)
NcAnaWu short piece of wood or firewood. (dhamungur)
lhaj-galalij
NcAnaWu wet wood. (w1alalij)
NCder:
unmarked form (an-)u-dhaj NcAnaWu firewood, chopped wood; piece of firewood.
Etym:
probably an archaic nominalization from verb =lha- 'to chop'.
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
lhajbag
NcWara
bush lily with large white bulb, Crinumasiaticum, possibly also another Crinum sp. 133.1.1.
(Entry on page 53 of printed dictionary)
=lhaj-bu-
VTrMa1
to blame or accuse (someone), esp. if the accusation is false.
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
=lhajinda-
VTrA2
to ask (person) to sing.
Ex:
ngana=lhajindi-ny, numburu=maya-ng 'I (have) asked you
(P1) to sing, (and) you will sing'.
Cf:
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
lha:lhag
NcAna(Adv)
Discussed more fully in Grammar.
Cf:
adaba, mal-dhamungur (s.v. lhamungur).
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
=lhalhara-
VIntrA2
to fall out, to fall off (used chiefly of objects).
-nuga=lhalhara-
(stone) to fall out or off. 6.3.4.
-w2aran=dhalhara-
(person) to be forgetful, to forget something (lit., 'ear fall out', i.e., 'to have (it) fall out of one's ears/memory').
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
lhalharang
NcMana
kurrajong bark fibre (used to make string). 1.4.1.
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
-lha:l-
Pref
person's disposition (with primary respect to the scale from aggressive/murderous to peaceful).
For -lhal- as cpd. initial see next entry.
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
lha:l
NcAnaWu
place, locality, 'country' (normally a location characterised by a single notable physical feature--rock, waterhole, island, rainforest area, etc.--, normally belonging to a given clan and associated with particular mythical events). 2.5.3, 13.5.3, 13.6.4, 18.8.4, 28.11.3, and many others; for suffix -lhangu 'all, many' see 59.4.4, 125.13.3.
As cpd. initial takes form -lhal- (contrast preceding entry):
lhal-mandha:yung
countries of the mandha:yung moiety. 21.1.5.
lhal-mu:mu
countries of (my) father's mother's clan. 157.11.4.
Other cpds.: see =bara-, =maya-, =munymulha-, =rangara-, =na- 'to see', =w2anaga-. For lhal-ngargu see -lhaing-.
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
=lhalabi-
VIntrI1
-w2aran=dhalabi-
to forget, to be forgetful. 163.17.5.
Syn:
-w2aran=dhalhara- (s.v. =lhalhara-).
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
lhalabun
NcMana
one of the less common spp. of water lily (almost certainly a Nymphaea sp. or variant). 59.10.3.
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
=lhalada-
VTrA2
to call out 'gaw!' (interjection form of ga!).
Direct object is dummy NcAnaWu.
(Entry on page 54 of printed dictionary)
=lhalalha-
VTrA2
to put (things) together in one heap.
-lhala=ma-
VTrA3 (See =ma-).
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalaman
NcMana
sticky or waxy substance, including ear wax.
NCder:
117.5.3 (ngariG-).
Cf:
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalamandig
NcMana
sticky or waxy substance, including ear wax.
Variant of ihalaman.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalangalhalangar
NcMana
a tree sp. found in coastal rainforest (not seen), almost certainly Uvaria sp. 98.8.2.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalar
NcNa
very lightweight (bouyant) stone, perhaps a type of limestone.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalawulbulg
NcMana
a sp. of stinging ants with nest in ground.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalbij
NcNa
the smaller of the two local fan-palms, found in northern parts of Nunggubuyu country (and as far north as Darwin), Livistonahumilis. Text 117 passim.
Cf:
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalga
NAdj
alone, by oneself, isolated. 168.5.2pred.
Ex:
nga=lhalga nga=ya-nggi 'I went alone'.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalgur
NcMana
Syn:
nambara (uncommon term).
Sapling:
wurjulyul (mostly songword).
Fruits:
aranyanngu (common term), nganyjawalwal.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
-lhalma-
Pref
Occurs as cpd. initial as a kind of filler with constructions meaning 'very big': see -w2 ugag, -yiriwu.
Cf:
ngagara- in the same construction type.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
lhalmar
NAdj
foreigner, stranger.
HumSg:
lhalmar-yung. P1: lhalma-lhalmar. 47.14.6.
(Entry on page 55 of printed dictionary)
=lhalmba:ra-
VIntrA2
(object) to catch fire, to start burning.
Caus:
=lhalmba:ri-(j)ga-. 17.4.5.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
=lhalm-bu-
VTrMa1
to burn or cook (object) on open fire. (uncommon)
Syn:
=na- 'to burn, cook', =ru-bu- (more common terms).
Contains -lhaing-.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
-lhaing-
Nc/Pref
flames (of fire); firelight.
As cpd initial: see lhal-ngargu (below, this page), =yi-wu-, =lhalmba:ra-. For auxiliary cpd. see =lhalm-bu-.
NCder:
unmarked form (an-)u-dhalngNcAnaWu flames of fire. Other forms include ni-dhalng NcNa lightning (noun class agreeing with yaminyji) and ngari-dhalng NcNgara sunlight (noun class agreeing with alir).
Cf:
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
lhal-ngargu
NcAna(Adv)
when? 69.15.1.
Not attested with noun class prefix.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
=lhaingijga-
VTrA1
to set (fire).
Benef:
-a=dhaingijga- to set fire to (object). 97.8.3.
Contains Caus -jga- and root (no longer easily segmentable) related to -lhaing-.
Syn:
=na- 'to burn'. Cf. =lhalm-bu-, =1a:dha-, =lha:ga-.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
=lhalwawayiga-
VTrA1
to get (much, many). (sense approximate) 16.8.5.
Cf:
=w2arga- VIntrN.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
=lhalwulha-
For humans see =ngma bi-.
2
VTrA2
Rdp:
is -lhala= or -lhalwa=.
-mada=lhalwulha-
to soak (grass). 125.8.1.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
lhalagar
NcAnaWu
path, track. (uncommon)
Syn:
adi (common).
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
=lhalagi-
-ramar=lhalagi-
to be anxious or desperate to go. 163.13.4.
Should be distinguished from the phonetically similar =lalagi-'-.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
lhalaj
NcAnaØ
long-horned grasshopper.
More common grasshopper type: dabururug.
(Entry on page 56 of printed dictionary)
=lhalamila-
VTrA2
(moon, labama) to rise from (sea, lhagayag).
Ex:
nima=lhalamillhi-ny 'It (moon) rose from it (sea).
Mult:
-w1ara=lhalamillha- (same gloss, intensive).
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
lhalara
NcNag king brown snake,
Pseudechys
australis.
Syn:
nguda-lhardharg (both terms widely used, but nguda-lhardharg considerably more common).
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
=lhama-
Indicates actual blood relationship as opposed to purely nominal (classificatory) father/child relationship. However, this verb can also be used to indicate the relationship between the (actual) father's sister and the child, as in ngunu=lhama-ny 'She begat him' (i.e., she is his actual father's sister); for similar uses of the corresponding term for '(mother) to bear (child)' see =yaba-.
Recip:
=lhama-nyji- to beget each other (i.e., to constitute a patriline). 72.1.3.
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
=lhamadhamanyji-
VIntrI2
to do (something) jointly, to each do (it). 59.2.6.
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
=lhamalhama-
VTrA3
to congratulate (person), to applaud or praise. (Distinguished from rdp. of =lhama- by different suffixal inflection in Nonpast2 form =lhamalhama-ni vs. -lhama=lhama-na
Ref1.:
=lhamalhami-'- to boast.
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
lhamalguru
Syn:
yirguru (uncommon term).
Young:
lhababaragu. Half-grown: aja.
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
=lhamara-
VIntrA2
Caus:
=lhamari-jga-. P1. of =lhamara- is -man=dhamara-.
-w1ara=lhamara-
to be the last to throw spear, throw after others.
Cf:
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
lhamba:mburg
NAdj
calm, restrained (i.e., not fighting).
Fact:
=lhamba:mbur-ga VTrA1 to restrain (person, from fight).
Syn:
(Entry on page 57 of printed dictionary)
lhambilbilg
1
NcNa
Cf:
2
NcMana
tree sp. whose wood is used to make didjeridus, Eucalyptusferruginea.
Syn:
gurjaada. Cf. wilbilg.
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
lha:mbiri
NcMana
type of ship used by Macassans. 166.6.3/4.
Syn:
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
=lham-bu-
VTrMa1
to restrain (person, from doing something).
Syn:
=lhamba:mbur-ga-.
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
lhamugar
NAdj
killer (in a given instance).
HumSg:
lhamugari-jung. P1: lhama-lhamugar.
May be used in context of a murder (in accusations, etc.), or of hunting (giving credit to successful killer, usually by spearing).
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
lhamugu
NcAnaWu
Cf:
lhu:ny, (mana-)rangag, cpd. initial -ramba-.
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
=lhamugula-
VTrA2
to spit (something) out.
May contain lha- 'mouth'.
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
-lhamuing-
Nc/Pref
tubers on roots of certain sedges such as madiga.
NCder:
attested in form ma-dhamuing.
Cf:
la:n (ma-lan).
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
lhamunung
NcAnaWu
chin.
NCder:
(e.g., beak of bird).
May contain -lha- 'mouth'.
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
-lhaN-
Pref
foot.
Attested as cpd. initial: see =bilwila-, =w allha-.
Associated with mu:n 'foot', which can alos be used as a cpd. initial (-mun-).
(Entry on page 58 of printed dictionary)
lhanda
1
NcNa
lhanda-wudjirwudjir
NcNa dark antmound. 13.1.2.
Syn:
of this cpd.: wudjirjir.
2
NcMana
As cpd. initial: see =nagi-.
Distinguished from lha:nda (see below) by vowel length.
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
lha:nda
NcAnaØ
juvenile antelopine kangaroo (arjambal); (less often) juvenile euro (hill kangaroo, murbungula).
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
-lhan-
Nc/Pref
wound, surface injury; scar, welt.
As cpd. initial: see =mula-, =w2al-bu-.
NCder:
unmarked form (an-)u-dhanNcAnaWu. 71.6.4.
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
-lhanga-
1
See -lhangaj-).
See -lhangaj-).
2
See -lhangaN-).
See -lhangaN-).
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
lhangada
NcMana
Can be used in expressions referring to the Nun-dhiribala clan or their clan estate around the place wurindi, since this location is notable for its rainforests.
Cf:
warwar, ana, yu:l.
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
=lhangadba-
-ban=dhangadba-
(smoke) to rise up.
-abulu=lhangadba-
to emerge from dust.
Cf:
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
lha:ngag
NcAnaWu
fire burning in tree(s); burning branches. 166.16.2.
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
lhangaj
As cpd. initial: see =w1aba-.
Should be distinguished from homophonous stem in next entry, used only in derivatives and compounds.
Cf:
(Entry on page 59 of printed dictionary)
-lhangaj-
Nc/Pref
intestines, entrails.
As cpd. initial: see =w1aba-, =ngaingala-.
NCder:
unmarked form ma-dhangaj NcMana. 1.8.7.
For independent noun lhangaj see last entry on preceding page (the two may be etymologically identical).
Cf:
da:n 'guts' (general term including vital organs); more precise terms for small and large intestines are -(w1)uguwanima-, -(w1)ugulhanuny. Cf. cpd. initial -ngu -.
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
lhangaing
NAdj
improperly cooked (e.g., overcooked).
Cf, lharang.
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
lhangalany
NcNa
harmful worm which enters skin through feet.
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
-lhangaN-
Pref
milk.
Associated with independent noun mi:mi.
Should be distinguished from -lhangaj-.
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
-lhanganmr
Nc/Pref
NCder:
Nc tentacle, long filament (of jellyfish, etc.).
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
=lhangaraladha-
=lhangaralaladha-, or =lhangirwalaladha-
VIntrNga1
to have scratches (on one's body); (crocodile, water goanna, etc.) to make 'scratching' marks in mud by moving hands or claws across mud surface.
Etym:
Probably involves =w1aladha- (rdp. -wala:='ladha-).
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
=lhangarma-
VTrA1
to reach, overtake, catch up with; to find (after going and looking for something); (disease or affected body part) to hurt (person), to be painful for (person). 1.6.2, 3.7.3, 4.7.1, 9.9.2, 15.18.1, 17.9.3, 19.3.2, 65.1.5/6, 80.1.7 ('to find' in extended sense 'to beget'), 99.2.2, 128.1.4 and 131.3.3 (toothache), 132.1.2/3 (diarrhoea), 132.6.1 (wound, sore), 161.28.2, 162.20.3ff., 163.22.3, 170.1.1.
Recip:
=lhangarma-nyji- VIntrI2 to reach each other (i.e., to meet, to run into each other). 42.1.5.
-inygala=dhangarma-
to catch up with (person) by taking shortcut.
-gara=lhangarma-
to reach hole (burrow). 13.3.3ff.
-w1urij=dhangarma-nyji
(Recip.) (two or more persons) to meet, to run into each other. 163.15.5.
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
=lhangaya-
VTrYa
to request something from (person). (uncommon) Direct object is other person.
-maran=dhangaya-
VIntrNga1 to hold hand out (as in begging). (Note transitivity and verb class change).
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
lhanggala:lag
NAdj
cowardly, timid.
Syn:
dirgalag. Cf. -dir=ngawi-'- (s.v. =ngawi-'-).
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
lhanggariri
or lhangariri
NcMana
hakea tree, Hakeaarborescens. 166.12.3.
(Entry on page 60 of printed dictionary)
=lhanggarurbi-
VIntrI1
to make tracks or marks on the ground (esp. in increase rites, etc.). 59.2.4, 60.2.4, 61.2.7, 62.4.5, 162.19.4/5.
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lhanggi
Fruit:
wudba (also sometimes a synonym of lhanggi).
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lhanggu
Cpd:
initial: see =w1 ala:lara-.
lhanggu-nunulg
NcAnaØ rotten meat.
NCder:
meat, flesh (of particular animal). 95.8.4 (ngariG-).
Cf:
yalaj (used instead of lhanggu to emphasise change from fruits and vegetables to meat), -w1in- (flesh of nut or shellfish), -w2angidi- (flesh of ray or shark).
Opposite:
marya (fruits, vegetables, other soft foods).
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lhanggulhagij
NAdj
hot-tempered, always fighting, cheeky (person).
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lha:ngma
or lha:ma(g)
NcNgara
young black-headed python (bubunara).
Syn:
yu:n.
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
-lhangu
Suff
(emphatic multiple or plural suffix used with certain nouns: arawindi, lha:l, wuruj, garnyirimba).
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
-lhangu-
Pref
(prefix found with verb =dhadharbi-, q.v.; meaning of prefix obscure; could also be analysed as prefix -lha-, -lhaG-, or -lhaN- with epenthetic morpheme -ngu-).
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
-lhanguny-
Nc/Pref
wind (air current). (Agreement usually AnaWu).
lhanguny-mawura:duj
cold wind. lhanguny-badawadad strong wind.
NCder:
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
-lhangurg-
Nc/pref
sickness, disease.
As cpd. initial:see w1ayag.
NCder:
Related to verb =lha:ngurnga-(note vowel length and g/ng).
Cf:
lhangarma-, =w1aya-,yinur ,yalijalig.
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
=lha:ngurnga-
VIntrN
to be/become sick.
Related to -lhangurg-.
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lha:ny
NcAnawu
tongue. 30.5.1.
NCder:
As cpd. initial -lhany-: see =w2arbi-, lhanyga-lhany-gayu-j.
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lhanyga-lhany-gayu-j
NAdj
bad-tasting, bitter, salty-tasting.
NAdj formation with rdp. of lha:ny plus =w1aya-.
Cf:
w1ayag, -lhamij-.
(Entry on page 61 of printed dictionary)
lha:r
NcNa
outer bark of stringybark tree (lhu:nY).
For NCder- form see –w1ulhar.
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
=lhara-
VIntrA2
to move quickly (from one place to another). 21.5.2ff. (snake, in myth).
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
lharang
NAdj
Fact:
=lharang-ga- to talk to (person) with strong words.
As cpd. final: see mada.
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
=lhararma-
VIntrA1
to be forcefully reminded or made aware (of something). 98.6.5 (fish, about coming storm).
Caus:
=lhararmi-jga- VTrA1 to remind, to make (someone) aware.
-lan=dhararmi-jga-
(Caus) to make (someone) aware mentally. 16.10.3. (la:ng).
-lan=dhararma-
or -lan=dhawararma- to become aware (of something). 16.10.3. (Note stem variant =lhawararma-).
Cf:
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
=lharba-
VTrA2
to carve (wood, etc, esp. with slicing motion of knife). 143.5.1 (digging in ground).
-ngaln=dharba-
to carve (woomera spike).
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
-lhariny
Nc/pref
scraps, pieces, bits; sawdust.
As cpd. initial: see =yu-.
NCder:
pieces, chunks; cuts (of meat). 112.5.5. Has special sense in human forms like MSg ni-dhariny-jung boss, leader. P1: (war-)udhu:-'-dhariny.
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
lharug
NcAnaWu
long walk, walkabout, hike. 163.13.1/3.
Ex:
ngany=ja:-ri: ana-lharug 'I am going walkabout'.
Cf:
bari.
Possibly related etymologically to =lhari-.
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
lha:r
or lhaar
NcMana
crossing, ford; tiny streams or trickles of water.
Syn:
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
lha:ra
NcAnaWu
totemic being, 'dreaming'. 72.2.5.
Syn:
For cpd. initial -lhara- see next entry (following page).
(Entry on page 62 of printed dictionary)
-lhara-
Pref
As cpd. initial attested with =yanga- (q.v.).
For noun lha:ra see last entry on preceding page.
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
lharag
NcMana
quinine bush (emu bush), Petalostigmapubescens. Distinguished by vowel length from next entry.
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
lha:rag
NcAnaWu
log coffin.
Cf:
Distinguished by vowel length from preceding entry.
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
lharagula
In contexts in which the sex of a given crocodile is important or where personification is appropriate it is possible to use 'human' MSg and other sex/number specified forms:
Syn:
gadugadu, majbalngu (less common terms).
Young:
lhu:rj.
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
=lhara:lha-
VIntrA2
to be/become straight.
Caus:
=lhara:lhi-(j)ga- VTrA1 to straighten, to hold straight. 136.1.2.
-wanja=lhara:lha-
to hold arms (or wings) out straight.
Cf:
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
=lharara-
VIntrNga1
to be sticking out (into view), to be visible (not hidden).
Used chiefly in cpds.:
-lan=dharara-
-lharbi=dharara-
to have one's thigh visible. (lharbij)
-w2argu=lharara-
to have one's shoulder sticking out, visible.
-w1ardha=lharara-
(dugong, whale) to have tail sticking out of water. (ardha)
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
lharbij
NcMana
thigh. 95.7.3/4.
As cpd. initial: see =lharara-.
(Entry on page 63 of printed dictionary)
=lharbijija-
VTrA2
(tears) to fall down from (person).
Ex:
nginggu=lharbijiji-ny 'Tears (subject) were pouring from her (direct object)' (i.e., 'She was crying away').
(Entry on page 64 of printed dictionary)
=lhardha-
VIntrNga1
-lan=dhardha-
to kneel, to get down on one's knees.
(Entry on page 64 of printed dictionary)
lhardharg
NAdj
rough, coarse (surface).
jan-dhardharg
NcAnaWu coarse roots (of plant); also NAdj ('having coarse roots'). (-jang-)
For other exx. as cpd. final see nuga and nguda-lhardharg.
Syn:
lharundharung. (less common)
(Entry on page 64 of printed dictionary)
=lharga-
1
VTrN
Mult:
-w1ara=lharga-. 139.15.2 ('swallow').
Recip:
of Benef: -a=dharga-nyji- to send (something) to each other, to pass or distribute to each other. 47.5.1 (message).
(Entry on page 64 of printed dictionary)
=lharma-
VTrA3
Recip:
Benef:
-a=dharma- to chase (someone, sromething, not specified in verb) for (someone, indirect object). 69.10.5.
Recip:
Comit:
-bu(d)=dharma-
to chase. (uncommon)
-bi=lharma-
to go behind (tree). 16.12.2.
-garin=dharma-
to pursue, to track down, go after. (See -gari-)
-mal=dharma-
to stay up till midnight. (Dir. obj. is -malg-, AnaWu).
-li=lharma-
to go along the side of (something).
-man=dharma-
to chase, follow (group).
-mari=lharma-
to track down, pursue (someone, something) by following marks or traces left on route. 97.2.3rdp.
-mun=dharma-
-abulu=lharma-
to follow dirty water (i.e., mud stirred up underwater by the object pursued). 1.6.6.
-w1adi=lharma-
to follow the path or track of (someone). 29.13.2.
-w1adji=lharma-
Ex:
nura:-'dji=lharma-ngi-yinyung 'what we hunted in fresh water'(i.e., 'freshwater game').
Cf:
-w1alhaga=lharma-
Benef:
of this cpd.: -a-galhaga=lharma- to search for (person, object). 16.17.1.
Syn:
-ala=lharma-
to follow (river ).
-w1an=dharma-,
-an=dharma-, or (rarely) -w2an=dharma- to hunt or chase (object); to copy, imitate.
-agajij-gan=dharma-
(further cpd. containing preceding) to imitate. 166.5.1.
Syn:
-w1
-yan=dharma-
-yiga=lharma-
Benef:
-a-jiga=lharma- to follow or track down (person or persons) by heading in the direction of fires (campfires or brushfires set by the other person(s)). 46.1.3. (Note: this may be done in tracking down an intended victim, or may simply be a way of meeting up with another group; a group approaching the territory inhabited by another may set brushfires in the distance to signal their arrival.)
Recip:
of this Benef. form: -a-jiga=lharma-nyji- to follow (i.e., meet up with) each other by heading for each other's fires. 46.1.1.
-yimuny=dharmi-'-
(Entry on page 64 of printed dictionary)
lharmadharma-
VTrA3
to line (things) up parallel to each other; to put (object) alongside (other); to hold (harpoon or other rod-like object) on the end; to be at one end (of line or rod-like object). 143.13.5 (subject is wasp).
(Entry on page 65 of printed dictionary)
lharundharung
NAdj
rough, coarse (surface).
Syn:
lhardharg (more common).
(Entry on page 65 of printed dictionary)
=lharwalharwi-
VIntrI1
(long snake) to crawl along.
Used primarily with reference to the water python (alja).
Possibly identical etymologically to preceding entry.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
=lhawadba-
Typically used in context of kidnapping a woman.
Rf:
Cf:
=rabala-, =lhang|adba-.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
-lhawal-
Nc/pref
thorn;splinter.
As cpd initial: see =ngargiwa-.
NCder:
unmarked form (an-)u-dhawal NcAnaWu.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
lhawalala
NcMana
an edible root, Ipomoea sp. aff. gracilis. 98.8.8.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
lhawannga-
VIntrA2
to be the last or final one. (not very common)
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
=lhawanga-
VIntrN
to store up (food, etc.) for later; to be frugal (with commodities).
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
lhawaranggay
NcWara
a small gudgeon fish sp. seen jumping in mangroves, about 25 cm long, not eaten.
Distinct from wulmunggurag, wilwigilwi.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
=lhawararma-
VIntrA1
(See =lhararma-).
lhawar NcMana (Rare variant of lha:r).
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
-lhawir-
Nc/pref
scraps, bits, pieces; sawdust.
NCder-dhawir.
Syn:
-lhariny-, -w1amuy-.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
=lhawiwa-
VTrA1
or VTrN or =lhawi-wu- VTrMa to ask, inquire.
Attested only in cpds.:
-yan=dhawiwa-,
-maran=dhawiwa-,
-maran=dhawi-wu- to inquire by hand (sign language, holding hand out with palms up).
-ba=dhawiwa-,
-ba=dhawi-wu- to inquire by eyes (inquiring look).
For NAdj derivative of the latter cpd. see ba-dhawiwi-j.
(Entry on page 66 of printed dictionary)
lha:wu
As cpd. initial -lhawu-: see -ngara, malala:di, =nganybanda-, ala:di, =w2alayida-, =w2anaga-, =rabala-, =yama-, =yanga-, =yura-, =anybij-gi- -.
(Entry on page 67 of printed dictionary)
lhawungun
Nc
aerial roots of Avicenniamarina (lhalgur), a mangrove tree (the roots are seen poking up out of the mud near the tree).
Noun class not recorded.
(Entry on page 67 of printed dictionary)
=lhawuraga-
VTrA1
to restrain (someone), esp. from fighting or from stealing someone else's woman.
(Entry on page 67 of printed dictionary)
=lhayarbi-
VTrI1
to burn (grass). 97.3.2.
(This may be done in hunting ground animals or just to clear off tall grasslands.)
Syn:
=lha:ga-. Cf. =na- 'to burn', =la:dha-.
(Entry on page 67 of printed dictionary)
=lhi-
VTr
(For =lhi-ny, =lhi:-' see =lha- 'to cut down, chop').
For prefix or cpd. initial -lhi- see -lhiG-, below.
(Entry on page 67 of printed dictionary)
=lhida-
VIntrA2
Mult:
-ngara=dhida- (correct, normal form), pronounced
-ngara=lhida-
in 20.16.4.
Cf:
=yabi-'- (s.v. =yaba-), =julubi-'- (s.v. =juluba-).
(Entry on page 67 of printed dictionary)
=lhilhir-wu-
VTrMa1
to pass by (someone, something) just grazing it.
Ex:
niwu=lhilhir-wa-ng 'He just grazed it as he went by'.
(Entry on page 68 of printed dictionary)
=lhilgi-wu-
VTrMa1
Often used in context of breaking branch off of tree.
(Entry on page 68 of printed dictionary)
=lhimuda-
VIntrA2
-w1urij=dhimuda-
to be upset, distressed.
Possibly related etymologically to lhimug, but semantics unclear.
(Entry on page 68 of printed dictionary)
=lhinyanga-
VTrA1
to make (ray fat) into grease-like substance. 106.5.4.
(Entry on page 68 of printed dictionary)
=lhira-
VIntrNga1
-lhangan=dhira-
to suck mother's milk at breast. 92.3.2rdp.
-ba=dhira-
to be a witness (to something).
(Entry on page 68 of printed dictionary)
lhiribala
NcAnaWu(Adv),
rarely NAdj underneath; inside. (In context may mean 'underground', 'underwater', 'down on the coast', etc.). For 'underground' and 'underwater' see 10.15.5, 22.4.2, 114.2.1 without prefix ana-, and with prefix 1.4.6, 167.17.5; for 'down on coast' or 'in lowlands' see 23.1.5 and 71.17.3 without prefix, with prefix 57.4.1; '(celestial body) below horizon' 41.17.5 without ana-; 'on bottom (of pile)' 146.1.1 with ana-; 'inside (belly, womb)' with ana- 92.2.2, 127.2.3; 'inside (pit or enclosure)' without ana- 36.2.3, 40.7.3, 132.5.3, 142.5.5. All these appear to be adverbial, though 1.4.6 could possibly be NAdj. Clear exx. of predicative NAdj form: 114.3.3, and with relative clause 53.1.6 (inner bark). A relative nominal form is ana-lhiribala-yinyung 'of the bottom' (i.e., lower part) 117.5.2.
Other forms:
Rdp:
Pergressive:
Allative:
Rdp:
stem plus Ablative-Pergressive suffix complex:
lhiri-lhiribala-(w)ala-(w/y)aj
nun-dhiribala
NAdj of the Nun-dhiribala clan (territorial centre: w2urindi, in lowlands near coast), one of the yirija moiety clans.
HumSg:
nun-dhiribala-yung.
(Entry on page 68 of printed dictionary)
=lhirida-
VTrA2
to scratch (something) deeply, to lacerate.
(Entry on page 69 of printed dictionary)
=lhirilhirilha-
VIntrNga1
to extend over a wide area, to be all over the place.
Subject may be, e.g., clouds (ngubunung) or flying foxes in flock (malbanggari).
-yan=dhirilhirilha-
to make lots of noise, to keep making noises. (ya:ng)
(Entry on page 69 of printed dictionary)
lhirina
NcMana
a tree with large inedible fruits found among mangroves, Xylocarpusaustralasicus.
(Entry on page 69 of printed dictionary)
lhu:d
NcAnaWu
force, power. (more common in derivatives below)
NCder:
power, force (usually kinetic or acoustic rather than mystical). 66.1.7 (loudness of dijeridu, niG-).
Cf:
(Entry on page 69 of printed dictionary)
lhudiny
NcWara
mouse, rat. 93.2.3.
No spp. distinctions except for water rat (wungujang); the term includes marsupial mice as well as true mice.
(Entry on page 69 of printed dictionary)
lhuga:guj
NcAna(Adv)
all the way (to destination). (fairly uncommon)
Variant:
lhuga:guny.
Rdp:
lhugu-lhuga:guj, lhugu-lhuga:guny also used in same sense.
Less common than expressions with verb =w2ala- 'to arrive' or simple deictic adverbs like yu:-gu-ni to there'.
Cf:
also next entry, below.
(Entry on page 69 of printed dictionary)
lhuganda
NcAnaWu
lower leg. 11.7.4.
As cpd. initial: see =w2ada-.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
=lhulhuwa-
VTrA1
For cpd. -man=dhulhuwa- see next entry, below.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
=lhulhuwi-
VTrI1
-ragar=dhulhuwi-
-man=dhulhuwi-
or -man=dhulhuwa- (the latter VTrA1) (tide) to carry (something) along. 98.6.7.
For 'tide' cf. maduwa, =anggari-; for 'heap' cf. also
=w1aramilba:ladha-;
for 'push' cf. =jura-, =jujurgi-.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
=lhulmuwalhi-
VIntrI1
to be wide open. (not common)
Probably related to the more common =w2awalha-.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
=lhulrungi-
VIntrI1
to be harmless, unable to kill or injure.
Distinct from =lhul(w)unga-.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
=lhulwunga-
or =lhulunga-
VIntrN
to be tough, resistant (e.g., body resisting spear thrust).
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
lhumbuyu
NcWara
shell of dead snail (ga:gag) with hole bored into it, used as slicer for yams (wulburu). 125.7.2/3.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
lhumulug
NcAnaWu
the common bloodwood tree in the area, with long nuts, Eucalyptuspolycarpa (and possibly another sp. or two). 142.1.2.
(Entry on page 70 of printed dictionary)
lhunga
NcMana
a shrub with edible white fruits, Securinegavirosa.
In this and the following item the n and g are pronounced separately. Syn: bulanggangga (a little less common).
(Entry on page 71 of printed dictionary)
lhunbi
NcAnaWu
a large, plump marine fish sp. found in deep water.
Similar to munjururuna.
(Entry on page 71 of printed dictionary)
=lhungiwa-
VTrA1
or =lhungi-wu- VTrMa1 to spear (person) after sneaking up on him.
(Entry on page 71 of printed dictionary)
lhunggala:lur
Sporadically (mis-)pronounced lhungala:lur with contamination from lhunga, the term for a tree with similar fruits.
(Entry on page 71 of printed dictionary)
=lhungudhungura-
VIntrA2
to repeat an action, to do something again.
(Entry on page 71 of printed dictionary)
=lhunyma-
VTrA3
to 'curse' (someone), to apply black magic to (person) by placing piece of victim's garment or other object which has been in contact with him into a hole in ironwood tree (yirbara).
Cf:
(Entry on page 71 of printed dictionary)
lhu:ru
Young:
mu:dhung. Half-grown: nguljun.
2
NAdj
'mudfish' people, a group of dreamtime people of the mandha:yung moiety living at Wiyindangany along with the alalij 'catfish' people of the other (yirija) moiety in the story of Emu, Gecko, and Little Boy. 17.10.3.
(Entry on page 72 of printed dictionary)
-lhurubuy-
Nc/Pref
sprout, young plant.
NCder:
-dhurubuy. 125.16.4 (NcAnaØ).
Cf:
-w1ulhunundhunung.
(Entry on page 72 of printed dictionary)
=lhurba-
VTrNga3
to be friendly with (person), to know (someone) fairly well.
-yan=dhurba-
to obey (person). (ya:ng)
Judjing from Nga3 class endings, this appears to contain =w2a- 'to bite' etymologically.
(Entry on page 72 of printed dictionary)
lhurlhurg
NAdj
stout, firm, sturdy (man's arm, tree not bending to wind, etc.).
Syn:
(Entry on page 72 of printed dictionary)
lhuruman
1
NcMana
Terms for the two parts: ma-bibi-yung ,(see -w2ibi-yung), ma-ngari-mara-yung (see ngari-mara-yung).
2
NcMana
a tree sp. whose wood is ideal for making firedrills, esp. Clerodendrumfloribundum (or certain forms thereof). 136.1.1. Sometimes interchanged with buduga, (w)alburunggu. Syn (both senses): ayanga.
Cf:
=w1ayanganda-.
(Entry on page 72 of printed dictionary)
-lhurung-
Nc/Pref
large chunk (of meat); rotten meat.
NCder-dhurung.
(Entry on page 72 of printed dictionary)