prc {vegan} | R Documentation |
Principal Response Curves (PRC) are a special case of Redundancy Analysis
(rda
) for multivariate responses in
repeated observation design. They were originally suggested for
ecological communities. They should be easier to interpret than
traditional constrained ordination.
prc(response, treatment, time, ...) ## S3 method for class 'prc': summary(object, axis = 1, scaling = 2, digits = 4, ...) ## S3 method for class 'prc': plot(x, species = TRUE, select, scaling = 2, axis = 1, type = "l", xlab, ylab, ylim, lty = 1:5, col = 1:6, pch, legpos, cex = 0.8, ...)
response |
Multivariate response data. Typically these are community (species) data. If the data are counts, they probably should be log transformed prior to the analysis. |
treatment |
A factor for treatments. |
time |
An unordered factor defining the observations times in the repeated design. |
object, x |
An prc result object. |
axis |
Axis shown (only one axis can be selected). |
scaling |
Scaling of species scores, identical to the
scaling in scores.rda . |
digits |
Number of significant digits displayed. |
species |
Display species scores. |
select |
Vector to select displayed species. This can be a vector
of indices or a logical vector which is TRUE for the selected
species |
type |
Type of plot: "l" for lines, "p" for points
or "b" for both. |
xlab, ylab |
Text to replace default axis labels. |
ylim |
Limits for the vertical axis. |
lty, col, pch |
Line type, colour and plotting characters (defaults supplied). |
legpos |
The position of the legend . A guess is
made if this is not supplied, and NA will suppress legend. |
cex |
Character expansion for symbols and species labels. |
... |
Other parameters passed to functions. |
PRC is a special case of rda
with a single factor for
treatment
and a single factor for time
points in repeated
observations. In vegan, the corresponding rda
model is defined as
rda(response ~ treatment * time + Condition(time))
. Since
the time
appears twice in the model formula, its main effects
will be aliased, and only interaction terms are available, and will be
used in PRC. Instead of usual multivariate ordination diagrams, PRC
uses canonical (regression) coefficients and species scores for a
single axis. All that the current functions do is to provide a special
summary
and plot
methods that display the
rda
results in the PRC fashion. With default contrasts
(contr.treatment
) the coefficients are
contrasts against the first level, and the levels must be arranged so
that the first level is the control.
Function summary
prints the species scores and the
coefficients. Function plot
plots coefficients against
time
using matplot
, and has similar
defaults. The graph (and PRC) is meaningful only if the first
treatment
level is the control, as the results are contrasts
to the first level when unordered factors are used. The plot also
displays species scores on the right vertical axis using function
linestack
. Typically the number of species is so high
that not all can be displayed with the default settings, but users can
reduce character size or padding (air
) in
linestack
, or select
only a subset of the
species. A legend will be displayed unless suppressed with
legpos = NA
, and the functions tries to guess where to put the
legend if legpos
is not supplied.
The function is a special case of rda
and returns its
result object (see cca.object
). However, a special
summary
and plot
methods display returns differently
than in rda
.
The first level of treatment
must be the control, and the
treatment contrasts must be used (see contr.treatment
),
so that results are expressed as contrasts to the control.
The function works with other contrast types also, but then the user
must take care that the resulting coefficients are meaningful.
The
time
must be an unordered factor.
Jari Oksanen
van den Brink, P.J. & ter Braak, C.J.F. (1999). Principal response curves: Analysis of time-dependent multivariate responses of biological community to stress. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18, 138–148.
# Chlorpyrifos experiment and experimental design data(pyrifos) week <- gl(11, 12, labels=c(-4, -1, 0.1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 15, 19, 24)) dose <- factor(rep(c(0.1, 0, 0, 0.9, 0, 44, 6, 0.1, 44, 0.9, 0, 6), 11)) # PRC mod <- prc(pyrifos, dose, week) mod # RDA summary(mod) # PRC logabu <- colSums(pyrifos) plot(mod, select = logabu > 100) # Permutations should be done only within one week, and we only # are interested on the first axis anova(mod, strata = week, first=TRUE)